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Early Irish
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Old Norse
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Old Irish Word Bank
Word
Notes
Female
Male
a
voc. particle
a
relative particle
a
possess 3 sg masc
a
possess 3 pl
a
preposition ‘out of’
a
preposition ‘in’
a
neut article
abrai
abrait
aca
conjugated preposition
-acciu
acht
acum
conjugated preposition 1 sg
adaig
ad-áigethar
ad-águr
Adaim
adba
ad-cíu
ad-chiam
ad-fiadar
adláechda
Áedán
áenach
áes
-aice
aice
conjugated preposition from oc
aichri
aicsin
Aífe
aile
aimsir
áin
áilli
Aindli
ainech
áinius
airchinnig
Aird Ruide
Airdiu
airechtu
airer
ais
‘back’
aís
gen of ‘age’
aithbe
aithbi
aithgne
aithgni
aithléni
aithne
aithrech
ala
am
copula 1 sg
a-minecán
amrai
an
definite article
anam
anas
anbsaid
airdairc
airi
conjugated prep 3 sg m from ar
aithber
-aithgéna
aithgni
aithni
aitin
ala
álainn
Albain
Alban
alt
ám
a-maig
amal
amlos
‘decrease’
and
andess
andord
anim
ann
anocht
ar
possess 1 pl
ar
preposition
ar
conjunction ‘because’
ar
preposition confused with iar
ar
preposition confused with for, on upon
ara
conjunction ‘in order that’
áraim
‘counting’
ara-rálad
-archriad
ar-coínfed
ard
ardbe
ardd
Arddán
Arddáin
aréir
argait
as
preposition ‘out of’
as
copula 3 sg non relative
ásas
as-beir
asclang
ascnam
-astat
atá
ata
copula 3 pl rel.
at-biur, at-bir
Átha Alma
athaig
athchur
athéces, athécis
-athgniniu
athlama
at-gén
atú
bá
copula 1 sg
ba
copula 3 sg
badid
copula
báeth
báides
bail
baill
bainn
bairr
baíse
baith
baíthe
from both ‘hut’
baíthium
baíthum
ban
from ben ‘woman’
bán
banais
banscál
báoth
barr
barraibh
bas
copula
bat
copula 3 pl
batar
copula 3 pl
bé
pres subj 3 sg conj of copula
bé
‘woman’
bec
becc
bécestair
bécestar
bed
copula
Beltaine
beinn
Beinn Boirche
beirid
beith
-beith
ben
bennacht
béoil
-berad
Bérri
berthán
‘little crop of hair’
bés
bét
bétaigid
-beth
betha
bethaid
beus
bí
-bí
-bia
biäd
biaid
biäit
bias
biät
bid
copula cons pres 3 sg
-bíd
bil
binn
binni
binniu
biorair
bith
‘ever’
bith
‘being’
bítis
biud
blai
blíadain
blíadnae
bó
bo
copula 3 sg
boí
bráenach
braoin
brat
brátha
brattán
Bregun
Brig
bríge
briss
brith
brodrad
broína
broinn
from brú ‘womb’
brón
brónán
bronn
from brú ‘womb’
brot
brú
bruinnid
bruit
bú
búadaib
búaid
búaidrid
búain
Buí
buí
buide
buidi
buidne
buille
búredaig
búirethar
cach
cách
cáich
cáela
cáema
cáemnai
cáemu
caí
caille
caillech
cailliu
caín
caindlib
caíne
verbal form 2 sg present
caingen
caíniu
cáir
cóir
caithir
carcar
carddais
carpait
carsaim
carsam
cartar
cass
Cathbad
cathracha
caurnán
ce
cech
céilidiu
céill
céimmim
céin
-cela
cen
cenae
cengtae
cenptis
conjunction with copula ‘though they were not’
cenn
cení
céol
cert
césfaitit
cet
cét
cétluth
chena
ci
cia
cíall
cíallaidiu
cían
cíanaib
cíasu
conjunction with copula
cid
‘how, what’
cid
‘though it be’
cidh
Cill Conchinn
cin
cind
dat sg of cenn
cingid
cinn
cir
claideb
clár
clé
clethae
clí
clith
clódh
clóen
cloï
cloïs
‘fame’
cloisi
cloth
clúasaib
cluinethar
cluinid
cluinte
cluinti
clúmh
cnáim
cnámacha
cnes
co
‘so that, until’
co
preposition ‘with’
co
preposition ‘to’
cobais
coblach
cobra
cobsaid
cocad
coíca
cóicid
coídén
coill
coillte
coím
coimét
coimhrith
coimthecht
coin
cóir
coirm
cois
coistecht
col
coll
collán
comaitecht
comm’
preposition ‘to’ and possess 1 sg
compert
comul
cona
preposition ‘with’ and article
’con
preposition oc with definite article
conám
Conchobor
Conchobuir
conda
conjunction with copula
Congaile
con-gairiu
conid
conjunction with copula
conn
con-roíter
corair
corcra
corcrai
corcrai
-corcu
cornairi
corp
cosc
cosind
preposition ‘with’ and article
coss
cossa
-cossénat
costal
cotail
-cotlu
cotlud
-cráidfed
crainn
craobh
créchtnaigedar
cride
crína
criöl
críon
Críst
Críosd
cró
croän
crob
croinn
crom
crotball
Cruachain
crúaid
cruth
cú
cúairt
cúan
cúane
cuile
cúili
cuilinn
cuimnech
cuimrech
Cuirither
Cuirithir
cuirm
cuirr
cul
cuma
cumann
cumgabáil
cummaid
cumtach
cungid
cunnail
cunnid
cúrad
curait
curchasa
cuslennaig
dá
dáel
dáelda
dag-
daglatha
dáib
daig
dáig
dáil
daingen
dairti
dait
Daithlinne
dála
dálaib
dam
dam
conjugated preposition 1 sg
damh
conjugated preposition 1 sg
dán
daoine
dar
darsa
‘across the’
dartadó
dath
datha
dé
from dia ‘day’
Dé
vocative sg
-déccas
déd
Dedairn
deg-
dég
degae
déicsiu
deilm
deimi
déin
vocative of dian ‘swift’
deirg
deis
déitgen
deithbiriu
delbaig
delgnaide
-dénainn
denus
deogh
dercu
derdrethar
Derdriu
Derg
-dernad
-dernar
-dernus
derthach
derthaige
des
desruithe
déta
détgne
di
preposition
dí
conjugated preposition 3 sg fem.
dia
conjunction ‘when’
dia
conjunction ‘if’
dia
‘to whom is’
dia
preposition and possess 3 sg masc
dia
‘day’
Día hAíne
diambo
conjunction with copula past
dían
dianid
conjunction with copula
díänim
díb
conjugated preposition 3 pl
dídine
dígainn
dig
dígraiss
dile
díles
dillig
dímbíthe
dind
dirsan
dlúith
do
posess 2 sg
do
preposition
dó
conjugated preposition 3 sg masc
do-adbat
do-ascnat
do-beir
do-bir
do-bérad
do-bérmai
do-béruinn
dochraide
dochum
do-cingtis
do-cúaid
do-don-archeil
do-éctar
do-ficed
do-fil
do-géna
do-gnéo
do-gní
do-gniat
do-gnítis
dóib
do-ic
Doíléne
Doíne
doíni
Doíriu
doirtid
do-ísed
dom-adbat
dom-áncatar
do-ménainn
dom-í
domincrechae
do-miult
domm-ánaic
don-indnaigid
do-räat
do-rat
do-rata
dorchuib
dor-éccas
do-ríacht
do-rigénus
do-rigénsam
do-rochratar
do-rónad
do-rurmis
dorus
dosaigh
do sgarus
do-té
do-tét
dremnas
dremuin
dremun
droch
drong
drúad
druídechta
Drummain
dú
duae
dúairc
dual
dub
dubai
dúilib
dúilig
duilinn
duine
duinn
duirn
dul
dún
Dún nÁis
Dún Soborche
durthacht
dúthracair
drungu
é
éc
éccunail
ech
Echach
Echaid
Echtga
ecna
écrata
ed
eícdair
eich
einech
eirr
eirred
éisi
élas
ell
Emain
Emna
eo
Eogain
Éol
éola
éolach
-érbalt
-érburt
from as-beir
erchrauide
ernaigthe
erredaib
esbuide
escuinge
étach
eter
ether
etir
etrainn
-fäat
fáebur
fagamur
fáilte
fáilti
fair
conjugated preposition 3 sg masc from for
fairce
fál
fata
fecht
feda
from fid ‘wood’
feib
Feidlimid
Feidlimthe
feidm
Feimen
féin
feirg
feis
Femun
fer
-feraim
ferait
Fergus
Fergusa
fert
fescor
fesi
-festar
-fetar
-fitir
Fiachnai Lára
fiad
fiada
fial
fían
fíanaib
fid
fil
file
fín
fína
find
findruine
finn
finnén
fir
fírithir
fiss
fiú
fiur
flainne
flesc
flescaib
fo
focal
fo-canad
fo-ceird
fochmuine
fo-cress
fo-dera
fo-fertais
-fogébe
fogur
foirdílse
fois
foísam
fola
folcud
follamnaig
fo-longat
folt
fom’
preposition fo and possess 1 sg
for
(possess 2 pl)
for
foraib
forbuid
form’
preposition with posess 1 sg
formach
format
formdig
formtig
fo-roígéne
fo-roimled
fort’
preposition with possess 2 sg
forru
fo-ruïch
forsa
forsin
fot’
preposition fo and possess 2 sg
fota
fraoch
-freiscim
-fresco
-frescu
fri
frim
frinn
fris
fris’
preposition with rel particle
frisin
fúaimm
fúair
fúan
-fúar
fuilt
from folt ‘hair’
fuineda
fuirri
conjugated preposition 3 sg fem from for
-fulaing
fuilghim
fulocht
fursundud
-gabad
gach
gáeth
gaí
-gaib
gaibthi
Gáille
gaim
Gaimnén
gair
gáire
gaíse
gaíth
gaíthe
gan
gáoi
gaoth
garg
gart
gel
geimel
géissid
gem
genmnaid
gér
Gerrci
gidh
‘though it be’
gil
glaic
glain
Glais
glan
glais
‘stream’
glas
glasa
glass
glassa
glassaib
glé
Glenna Bolcáin
glés
gloim
glór
glúair
gluinn
gnáis
gnás
gním
gníom
gnúis
go
preposition ‘to’
gó
gorm
goth
gráin
gránda
gréin
grúad
guidi
guil
guin
gulban
guth
guthán
graffaind
graigig
grin
grúade
grúadh
haidche
hAíne
hamnas
hé
í
diectic particle
i
preposition i
iar
-iarfassat
íarna
íarum
íarthur
íath
ibes
ibim
idnaidiu
il
ilaig
ilar
Illadain
im-bered
imbi
conjugated preposition 3 sg from im
im’
preposition with possess 1 sg
im
imdénum
imgábud
imirce
imm
immaire
imma-llé
imm-ráu
imma-rordamais
imme-réid
immon-rualaid
immut
imnáir
imorbuis
imrádud
imrinni
imthacmung
imthecht
in
in
interr particle
iná
‘than’
ina
preposition i and ‘his’
inar
inathar
inbaid
inchoscaib
ind
in-diu
in-gair
ingaire
inge
ingen
ingena
ingnadh
ingnáis
ingnas
ingne
inmain
inmaine
inmaini
inmainib
inniut
conjugated preposition from i 2 sg
innonn
conjugated preposition from i 1 pl
insi
Insi Fáil
int
is
Ísu
it
copula 3 pl
itir
la
lá
labar
láech
láechrad
láechradaib
laích
láim
lain
laith
láma
-lamur
lán
lassair
leath
lebor
lebor
‘long’
lecc
lechtán
-léci
leicne
léim
léimmim
leinn
lem
conjugated preposition
lemnacht
léni
leo
conjugated preposition
ler
less
leth
lí
Lia na Ríg
líach
Líadain
Líath
lib
conjugated preposition
Life
lige
ligiu
lígoll
lim
conjugated preposition
lín
lind
linges
linnib
liss
líud
lium
conjugated preposition
ló
from lá ‘day’
lóae
loän
loborde
Locha Sing
loí
lom
longes
los
lúadain
luaig
lúaith
lúaithiu
lúath
lugu
Luigdech
luin
gen of lon
luinn
lúith
lummain
-lungu
-m-
infixed pronoun 1 sg
m’
possess 1 sg
má
mac
maccáin
maccu
mada
conjunction with copula
madda
Máel Fothartaig
Máele Fothartaig
Magh Luirg
Magh nAoi
maic
maig
maige
maindéra
mair
máir
from már
Maire
mais
maith
mál
manbad
conjunction and copula
már
mara
gen of muir
marbáin
-marbtar
’ma-ríadam
marsaim
mas
masu
conjunction with copula
mé
mebul
meda
medc
meisse
méit
meither
-melainn
menci
mend
menic
menma
mennatán
mer
mera
mescu
mét
méti
mí
mic
Mic Glais
mid
midc
from medc
midh
mil
míl
mílchon
milide
milis
millsi
millsiu
mín
minic
mire
mithig
mná
mo
mó
moch
mochtaide
moga
moíni
móir
mo-nuar
mór
mora
gen of muir
morúar
mos-
mrogthar
muí
gen of possess 1 sg
muicc
múich
muig
Muigh Lí
Muigh Line
muighi
Muighe Fáil
Muighi Máir
muilt
muin
muinter
muir
mullach
na
definite article pl
ná
rel negative
ná
imperative neg
ná
‘nor’
nac
nach
‘which is not’
nach
adj ‘any’
nach
neg
nachid
neg with infixed pronoun
nachom
neg with infixed pron
nád
relative neg
náire
nammá
nár
-ne
nech
nem
némanda
neich
neoch
Nesa
ní
neg particle
ní
‘it is not’
ní
‘thing’
níamdai
nícon
nícos
neg particle with infixed pronoun
nídat
copula
nim
from nem
nime
níptis
copula
níta
copula 1 sg
nít
copula
níth
nó
no beirtis
no betis
no carainn
no-chara
noco
negative particle
no criäd
no dálad
nod-fiad
nod-lúaidi
no gebtis
Noísi
no meilinn
no meilmis
no-mmair
no mmoídid
no moítis
nond-oídid
no-taí
nuä
nuae
nuí
ó
preposition ‘from’
ó
‘since’
oäc
óc
oc
oca
óclach
ocus
ocus
‘proximity’
óen
óïc
oidhche
óir
gen of ‘gold’
oíted
oítid
ól
olc
oll
oman
ón
ór
‘since’
ór
or
oraig
orggain
os
ot
conjunction with copula
pardos
partuing
pecadh
péin
penn
pian
-rabamar
ráed
ráei
-ragha
-ráinic
rána
räit
Ráith Móir
rath
’rbo
copula perfect
re
for preposition fri
ré
reic
réil
réimmennaib
réir
reithid
reithim
remor
rén
rétairiu
rí
riäm
riccim
-ricub
ríg
ríga
rígdomna
rigim
riccim
rígna
rind
rinnib
rís
rit’
preposition fri and possess 2 sg
rith
ro
intensifier
ro bem
copula
ro bhrétait
robo
copula perf
ro boí
ro carus
ro cluiniur
ro cráide
ro cráidh
ro cráidius
ro cúala
ro dálius
roda-úaid
ro-feissed
ro fess
ro fhás
ro fhuilnges
ro gab
ro gabsat
ro geóghain
rogha
ro-glëus
rogmair
Röig
ro lá
romair
ro miult
Rónáin
ro-nglëus
fo
copula 3 sg
fo
nim
roscaib
ro scar
ro scarus
ro sernad
ro síachtar
ro sóer
ro tetainn
ro treaghd
ro tuairg
ro ucais
ruä
rúadh
rúaig
’sa
after and before comparative
-sa
sáer
sáeth
saighim
saír
salmu
sám
sam
samlaid
samlamar
sásadh
scél
sceithid
scíth
-scoirtis
scor
scríbainn
scríbonn
-se
seachna
sech
secht
ségann
ségdaib
seghais
selba
sell
sémi
sen
sentainne
sentainni
sentu
seo
serc
sét
séta
sétaigid
sí
sían
síd
sin
sína
sínim
sinni
sioc
síon
si-si
sithithir
síu
-sium
Sléibh mic Sin
Sléibhi Fúaid
sleimnithir
Slíabh Cúa
Slíabhh mBreagh
slim
sluag
smacht
snechta, snechtai
snechtaidi
sobairci
sochraide
socht
soir
som
sorchuib
Spirta
srath
srólda
srotha
srúaim
-su
súaichnid
súaill
súairc
súas
suba
súil
súilib
súla
súle
sunna
t’
posess pronoun 2 sg
tabairt
tabrad
tabraid
taccu
táeb
táet
-táet
-taibrinn
taidlid
-taidi
taig
tailc
tain
-tair
tais
talmain
tan
tar
tarais
táthum
tech
teach
-téid
teimel
tein
-teirb
téith
temel
testa
tíagar
-tibiu
tic
tig
tige
-timgairid
timnae
timthais
tind
Tindle
tinne
Tíri Máir
tiugnár
tír
tíre
tísed
tlás
tocair
tochaim
tóebu
togaís
toíb
toil
toinn
toirm
toirrse
toirsech
toirsi
-tola
toll
tonn
tonnaid
topuir
toraib
tormaid
trá
-tráethat
tráig
tráoth
tre
tresna
treas
trén; tressiu
trí
tria
-trialltar
trilis
trim’
preposition tre/tria and possess 1 sg
triüt
tróg
troighthiu
trom
truagh
tuaith
tucht
tuchtach
tuí
possess pron 2 sg (gen)
tuile
tuili
tuinne
tuireda
tuisledh
tul
turcbáil
turus
tüus
úaim
úaimm
úain
úaini
úair
úair
‘cold’
úaire
úar
úar
‘cold’
úaraib
úarbaith
úath
uathadh
ugai
uile
uili
uisce
uisge
Uislenn,
Uislinne
Uisnig
uissi
Ulaid
Ultaib
unga
utmhall
